Warren Hastings was:
The first Governor-General of Bengal.
He served as:
Governor of Bengal — 1772–1774
and:
Governor-General of Bengal — 1774–1785.
His administration marked an important stage in:
The transformation of the East India Company from a trading organisation into a territorial and political power.
Hastings took charge when the Company faced:
His policies aimed at:
Consolidating and strengthening British control.
One of Hastings' major administrative measures was:
Abolition of the Dual Government in Bengal in 1772.
The Dual Government had been introduced by:
Robert Clive.
Under it:
The Company exercised real power while Indian authorities formally retained administrative responsibilities.
Hastings ended this arrangement and:
Brought administration more directly under Company control.
Hastings reorganised:
The revenue administration of Bengal.
Major measures included:
Hastings introduced:
A system of revenue farming through five-year settlements.
Revenue collection rights were:
Given through contracts to revenue farmers.
The system aimed at:
Increasing and stabilising Company revenue.
Hastings reorganised:
District-level administration.
Collectors and other officials were used to:
Strengthen Company supervision over revenue administration.
Hastings introduced major:
Judicial reforms in Bengal.
The reforms attempted to establish:
A more organised system of civil and criminal justice.
Two important categories of courts were established:
Civil court.
Criminal court.
District-level courts were organised under:
Company supervision.
The system attempted to:
Indian officials such as:
Qazis and Hindu pandits
continued to play important roles in:
Interpreting traditional Islamic and Hindu laws.
Hastings' reforms created:
A more structured judicial administration.
The reforms were important in the development of:
British-controlled legal institutions in India.
A major feature of Hastings' administration was:
The connection between revenue collection and administrative control.
The Company increasingly sought:
Direct supervision of both revenue and justice.
Hastings attempted to:
Reduce abuses associated with Company servants' private trade.
He sought:
Greater regulation of commercial practices.
Hastings aimed to:
Strengthen the Company's position in Bengal and neighbouring regions.
His policy was primarily:
Consolidatory rather than purely annexationist.
Hastings is associated with the:
Ring Fence Policy.
The basic objective was:
Protecting Company territories through buffer states and strategic alliances.
Awadh was strategically important because:
It could serve as a buffer between Bengal and hostile powers.
Hastings therefore sought:
To maintain Awadh as a friendly and strategically useful state.
The:
Rohilla War of 1774
was an important event during Hastings' administration.
The Nawab of Awadh:
Shuja-ud-Daula
sought British military assistance against:
The Rohillas.
The Company provided:
Military support to Awadh.
In return:
The Nawab agreed to pay for the Company's military assistance.
The episode became controversial because:
British troops were used in a conflict outside the Company's immediate territorial interests.
The:
First Anglo-Maratha War, 1775–1782
occurred during Hastings' tenure.
British involvement was connected with:
The succession dispute over the Peshwa's position.
The:
Treaty of Surat, 1775
was concluded between:
The British and Raghunath Rao.
The British agreed to:
Support Raghunath Rao's claim to the Peshwa's position.
The:
Treaty of Purandar, 1776
temporarily modified the British position in the Maratha conflict.
The conflict nevertheless continued.
Eventually:
The First Anglo-Maratha War ended with the Treaty of Salbai.
The:
Treaty of Salbai, 1782
ended the First Anglo-Maratha War.
It brought:
A temporary settlement between the British and the Marathas.
Hastings also faced:
The Second Anglo-Mysore War, 1780–1784.
Mysore was led by:
Haidar Ali.
After Haidar Ali's death:
Tipu Sultan continued the struggle against the British.
The Second Anglo-Mysore War ended with:
Treaty of Mangalore, 1784.
It restored:
Territories captured during the war to their respective sides.
Hastings' foreign policy was shaped by:
The British were concerned about:
French influence in Indian politics.
Hastings therefore sought:
To strengthen British strategic security.
The Company faced:
Serious financial difficulties.
Hastings attempted to:
Hastings became controversial for his treatment of:
The Begums of Awadh.
The Company demanded:
Financial resources from the Begums.
Their estates were confiscated after political and financial disputes.
The episode later became:
A major charge against Hastings during his impeachment proceedings.
Another major controversy involved:
Raja Chait Singh of Banaras.
Hastings demanded:
Additional financial and military contributions.
Chait Singh resisted:
Company demands.
Hastings attempted to arrest him.
The confrontation resulted in:
Armed resistance.
The incident:
Damaged Hastings' reputation.
It became:
One of the charges raised against him in Britain.
Hastings' position was created within the framework of:
Regulating Act of 1773.
The Act:
The:
Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William
was established in:
Its establishment created:
Tensions between the Supreme Court and the Company's administration.
Hastings' administration faced:
Jurisdictional conflicts with the Supreme Court.
The boundaries between:
Company's administrative authority
and:
The Court's judicial authority
were not initially clear.
Hastings contributed to:
Greater centralisation of Company administration.
Bengal became:
The main administrative and financial base of British power.
Hastings supported:
The study of Indian languages, laws and traditions.
He encouraged:
The:
Asiatic Society of Bengal
was founded in:
1784
by:
Sir William Jones.
Hastings' broader intellectual environment was supportive of:
Orientalist scholarship.
Hastings supported efforts to:
Translate and systematise Indian legal texts.
This helped British administrators:
Understand and administer Hindu and Islamic law.
Hastings generally favoured:
Using existing Indian institutions and traditions
rather than:
Immediately replacing them with entirely European systems.
Hastings' administration helped establish:
The foundations of British administrative governance in India.
Unlike later policies under:
Lord Dalhousie,
Hastings did not pursue systematic annexation of Indian princely states.
His primary objective was:
Consolidating Company power and securing existing territories.
His administration contributed to:
Hastings' administration was criticised for:
After returning to Britain:
Hastings was impeached by the British Parliament.
The impeachment proceedings began in:
Major accusations included:
A major critic of Hastings was:
Edmund Burke.
Burke played a leading role in:
The impeachment proceedings against Hastings.
The impeachment trial continued for:
Several years.
Hastings was:
Acquitted in 1795.
Warren Hastings occupies an important position because he:
Helped transform Company rule from a loosely organised commercial enterprise into a more centralised territorial administration.
His administration combined:
Administrative reform + Revenue extraction + Military intervention + Political consolidation.
Warren Hastings was the first Governor-General of India.
❌ Incorrect.
Correct:
First Governor-General of Bengal.
Warren Hastings introduced the Subsidiary Alliance.
❌ Incorrect.
Subsidiary Alliance:
Associated mainly with Lord Wellesley.
Doctrine of Lapse was introduced by Hastings.
❌ Incorrect.
Doctrine of Lapse:
Associated mainly with Lord Dalhousie.
Hastings introduced the Dual Government.
❌ Incorrect.
Dual Government:
Associated with Robert Clive.
Hastings:
Abolished it in 1772.
Treaty of Salbai ended the Second Anglo-Mysore War.
❌ Incorrect.
Treaty of Salbai:
Ended the First Anglo-Maratha War.
Treaty of Mangalore:
Ended the Second Anglo-Mysore War.
Warren Hastings represented an important transitional phase in British rule.
His administration moved the Company from:
Revenue collection and commercial dominance
towards:
Centralised territorial administration and political intervention.
Warren Hastings was the first Governor-General of Bengal and played a crucial role in consolidating the Company's territorial and political power during the late 18th century.
Warren Hastings was both:
An administrator who laid foundations for centralised British rule
and:
An expansionist whose political and financial policies generated considerable controversy.
