Explains the Election Commission of India (ECI), its constitutional basis under Article 324, composition, appointment and tenure of Election Commissioners, powers and functions, electoral rolls, conduct of elections, recognition of political parties, election symbols, Model Code of Conduct, advisory functions on disqualification, delimitation-related functions, electoral reforms and institutional independence. Covers the Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners, removal safeguards, relationship with State Election Commissions, judicial review, major Supreme Court judgments, constitutional and statutory safeguards, UPSC Prelims facts and traps, memory tricks, quick revision and Mains perspective.